Guest Seminar - Dr. Erin Mulvihill, University of Ottawa
Guest Seminar - Dr. Erin Mulvihill, University of Ottawa
Title: Peptide Hormone Regulation of Obesity and Metabolic Disease.
Speaker: Dr. Erin Mulvihill
Institution: University of Ottawa
Date: Thursday, July 18th, 2024 at 10:00 AM EST
Location: MSB 2173
Host: Dr. Chi-Chung Hui
Abstract:
Currently, 29% of Canadians live with prediabetes or diabetes, which is expected to grow to 33-44% by 2025. The vast majority of these patients have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); a complex metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from failure of the insulin-producing cells to compensate for systemic insulin resistance. Glucose-lowering therapies have demonstrated benefits in reducing microvascular complications. However, similar outcomes have not been clearly defined for cardiovascular health. Given the increasing burden of type 2 diabetes globally, developing new therapeutic and non-surgical strategies early intervention strategies to address risk of ischemic cardiomyopathy in patients with diabetes is critical. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 limits the function of endogenous peptide hormone signaling by cleaving the sequence which interacts with the downstream receptor. Two drug classes have been approved based on extending the half life of proteins cleaved by DPP4: 1) for diabetes and obesity, the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists and 2) the glucagon like peptide 2 agonists for the treatment of short bowel syndrome. Indeed, given the previous success of this approach, DPP4-resistant peptides are of interest for therapeutic development. In this seminar, I will discuss the enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), its involvement in obesity, metabolic and cardiovascular disease and its protein target peptides glucagon like peptide-1, glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide which are currently in clinic for treatment of diabetes and obesity and ependymin-related protein 1 (EPDR1) a newly identified regulator of plasma cholesterol, insulin secretion, and energy expenditure, which may have further therapeutic benefits.